Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and recording medium

ABSTRACT

[Object] To enable estimation of the size of an object in a real space. [Solution] An information processing apparatus includes: an acquisition section that acquires an image of a real object in a real space captured by a predetermined imaging section, and a measurement result of a distance to the real object by a predetermined distance measuring section; and an estimation section that estimates a size of the real object in the real space on the basis of a size of the real object in the image and the measurement result of the distance, and by comparing the estimation result of the size to a plurality of preset size candidates, specifies the size of the real object in the real space.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to an information processing apparatus,an information processing method, and a recording medium.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently, as image recognition technology has become more advanced, ithas become possible to recognize the position and attitude of a realobject (that is, a physical object in a real space) included in an imagecaptured by an imaging apparatus. The technology called augmentedreality (AR) is known as one applied example of such physical objectrecognition. By utilizing AR technology, it becomes possible to present,to a user, virtual content (hereinafter also designated a “virtualobject”) in various modes such as text, icons, or animations,superimposed onto a real object captured in an image of a real space.For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses one example of AR technology.

Also, by an application of physical object recognition technology, itbecomes possible to execute what is called localization for recognizingthe position in real space of an imaging section (and by extension, theapparatus provided with the imaging section) that captures an image ofan object. The technology called simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) is one example of technology for realizing such localization.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

Patent Literature 1: JP 2013-92964A

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Technical Problem

As one example of a method for realizing localization, there is a methodin which a real object of known size and shape, such as a known markeror the like, is detected inside an image captured by an imaging sectionto thereby estimate the positional relationship between the real objectand the imaging section.

On the other hand, the size of the real object to be used as thereference for localization is not necessarily known in some cases. Forexample, in the case in which a marker that acts as the reference forlocalization is displayed on a display, there is a possibility that thesize of the marker may change in accordance with the size of thedisplay. In this way, in a state in which the size of the real objectthat acts as the reference for localization is unknown, it may bedifficult to estimate the positional relationship between the realobject and the imaging section more accurately (that is, executelocalization more accurately) in some cases.

Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes an information processingapparatus, an information processing method, and a recording mediumcapable of estimating the size of an object in a real space.

Solution to Problem

According to the present disclosure, there is provided an informationprocessing apparatus including: an acquisition section that acquires animage of a real object in a real space captured by a predeterminedimaging section, and a measurement result of a distance to the realobject by a predetermined distance measuring section; and an estimationsection that estimates a size of the real object in the real space onthe basis of a size of the real object in the image and the measurementresult of the distance, and by comparing the estimation result of thesize to a plurality of preset size candidates, specifies the size of thereal object in the real space.

In addition, according to the present disclosure, there is provided aninformation processing method including: acquiring an image of a realobject in a real space captured by a predetermined imaging section, anda measurement result of a distance to the real object by a predetermineddistance measuring section; and estimating, by a processor, a size ofthe real object in the real space on the basis of a size of the realobject in the image and the measurement result of the distance, and bycomparing the estimation result of the size to a plurality of presetsize candidates, specifying the size of the real object in the realspace.

In addition, according to the present disclosure, there is provided arecording medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute:acquiring an image of a real object in a real space captured by apredetermined imaging section, and a measurement result of a distance tothe real object by a predetermined distance measuring section; andestimating a size of the real object in the real space on the basis of asize of the real object in the image and the measurement result of thedistance, and by comparing the estimation result of the size to aplurality of preset size candidates, specifying the size of the realobject in the real space.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

According to the present disclosure as described above, there isprovided an information processing apparatus, an information processingmethod, and a program capable of estimating the size of an object in areal space.

Note that the effects described above are not necessarily limitative.With or in the place of the above effects, there may be achieved any oneof the effects described in this specification or other effects that maybe grasped from this specification.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of aschematic configuration of a terminal apparatus according to a firstembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of theprinciple of localization.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a processutilizing a localization result.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a technical problem ofan information processing system according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functionalconfiguration of the information processing system according to theembodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of a series ofprocesses of the information processing system according to theembodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an overview of aninformation processing system according to a second embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functionalconfiguration of the information processing system according to theembodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of a series ofprocesses of an information processing system 1 according to theembodiment.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary hardwareconfiguration of an information processing apparatus according to anembodiment of the present disclosure.

MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, (a) preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure willbe described in detail with reference to the appended drawings. Notethat, in this specification and the appended drawings, structuralelements that have substantially the same function and structure aredenoted with the same reference numerals, and repeated explanation ofthese structural elements is omitted.

Hereinafter, the description will proceed in the following order.

1. First Embodiment

-   -   1.1. Terminal device configuration    -   1.2. Principle of localization    -   1.3. Functional configuration    -   1.4. Processes    -   1.5. Evaluation

2. Second Embodiment

-   -   2.1. Basic principle    -   2.2. Functional configuration    -   2.3. Processes    -   2.4. Evaluation

3. Exemplary hardware configuration

4. Conclusion

1. FIRST EMBODIMENT <1.1. Terminal Device Configuration>

First, an example of a schematic configuration of a terminal apparatusaccording to the first embodiment will be described with reference toFIG. 1. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example ofthe schematic configuration of the terminal apparatus according to thepresent embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, a terminal apparatus 20 according to thepresent embodiment includes an output section 201, and imaging sections203 a and 203 b. In addition, the terminal apparatus 20 according to thepresent embodiment is configured as what is called a head-mounteddisplay (HMD). In other words, the terminal apparatus 20 is configuredso that, by being worn on a user's head, the output section 201 (forexample, a display panel) for displaying images is held in front of theuser's eyes.

The imaging sections 203 a and 203 b are configured as what is called astereo camera, and are provided at mutually different positions on theterminal apparatus 20 so that, when the terminal apparatus 20 is worn onthe user's head, the imaging sections 203 a and 203 b point in thedirection the user's head is facing (that is, the front of the user). Onthe basis of such a configuration, the imaging sections 203 a and 203 bimage a subject (in other words, a real object positioned in the realspace) in front of the user wearing the terminal apparatus 20 frommutually different position (in other words, different viewpoints). Withthis arrangement, the terminal apparatus 20 becomes able to acquire animage of the subject positioned in front of the user, and in addition,compute the distance from the terminal apparatus 20 to the subject onthe basis of the parallax between the images captured by each of theimaging sections 203 a and 203 b.

In addition, the terminal apparatus 20 according to the presentembodiment may also be provided with an acceleration sensor and anangular velocity sensor (gyro sensor), for example, and be configured tobe able to detect the motion of the head (the attitude of the head) ofthe user wearing the terminal apparatus 20. As a specific example, theterminal apparatus 20 may detect the component in each of the yawdirection, pitch direction, and roll direction as the motion of theuser's head, and thereby recognize a change in at least one of theposition and the attitude of the user's head.

On the basis of a configuration like the above, the terminal apparatus20 according to the present embodiment becomes able to present, to theuser through the output section 201, an image of the subject positionedon front of the user, matched to the motion of the user's head. Also, atthis time, the terminal apparatus 20 is also capable of presenting, tothe user through the output section 201, an image in which virtualcontent (that is, a virtual object) is superimposed onto the subject(that is, a real object positioned in the real space), on the basis ofwhat is called AR technology. Note that an example of the method bywhich the terminal apparatus 20 estimates the position and attitude ofitself in the real space (that is, localization) when superimposing thevirtual object onto the real object will be described later in detail.

Note that examples of the head-mounted display (HMD) applicable as theterminal apparatus 20 include a video see-through HMD, a see-throughHMD, and a retinal projection HMD, for example.

In the case in which a video see-through HMD is worn on the user's heador face, the video see-through HMD is worn to cover the user's eyes, anda display unit such as a display is held in front of the user's eyes.Further, the video see-through HMD includes an imaging unit for imagingthe surrounding scene, and causes the display unit to display an imageof the scene in front of the user imaged by the imaging unit. With sucha configuration, for the user wearing the video see-through HMD, it isdifficult for the outside scene to enter into one's field of viewdirectly, but it becomes possible to check the outside scene by an imagedisplayed on the display unit. For example, the terminal apparatus 20illustrated in FIG. 1 corresponds to an example of a video see-throughHMD.

A see-through HMD, for example, uses a half mirror and a transparentlight guide plate to hold a virtual image optical system including atransparent light guide unit and the like in front of the user's eyes,and display an image on the inner side of the virtual image opticalsystem. For this reason, for the user wearing the see-through HMD, it ispossible for the outside scene to enter into one's field of view, evenwhile viewing the image displayed on the inner side of the virtual imageoptical system. According to such a configuration, on the basis of ARtechnology, for example, the see-through HMD is capable of superimposingan image of the virtual object onto an optical image of the real objectpositioned in the real space, in accordance with a recognition result ofat least one of the position and the attitude of the see-through HMD.Note that specific examples of the see-through HMD include what iscalled a glasses-style wearable device, in which the part correspondingto lenses of a pair of glasses are configured as the virtual imageoptical system.

With a retinal projection HMD, a projection unit is held in front of theuser's eyes, and an image is projected from the projection unit towardsthe user's eyes so that the image is superimposed onto the outsidescene. More specifically, in a retinal projection HMD, an image isprojected directly from the projection unit onto the retina of theuser's eyes, and the image is formed on the retina. With such aconfiguration, the viewing of a clearer picture becomes possible, evenin the case of a near-sighted or a far-sighted user. Also, for the userwearing the retinal projection HMD, it becomes possible for the outsidescene to enter into one's field of view, even while viewing the imageprojected from the projection unit. According to such a configuration,on the basis of AR technology, for example, the retinal projection HMDis capable of superimposing an image of the virtual object onto anoptical image of the real object positioned in the real space, inaccordance with a recognition result of at least one of the position andthe attitude of the retinal projection HMD.

Note that for reference, besides the examples described above, an HMDcalled an immersive HMD is also possible. The immersive HMD is worn tocover the user's eyes, similarly to the video see-through HMD, and adisplay unit such as a display is held in front of the user's eyes. Forthis reason, for the user wearing the immersive HMD, it is difficult forthe outside scene (that is, the scene of the real world) to enter intoone's field of view directly, and only the picture displayed on thedisplay unit enters one's field of view. With such a configuration, theimmersive HMD is capable of imparting a sense of immersion to the userviewing an image.

The above describes an example of the schematic configuration of theterminal apparatus according to the present embodiment with reference toFIG. 1. Note that the configuration of the terminal apparatus 20described above is merely one example, and the configuration is notparticularly limited insofar as it is possible to capture an image ofthe front of the user wearing the terminal apparatus 20, andadditionally, compute the distance from the terminal apparatus 20 to acaptured subject. As a specific example, instead of the imaging sections203 a and 203 b configured as a stereo camera, a monocular imagingsection and a distance measuring section that measures the distance tothe subject may be provided.

Note that the configuration and method are not particularly limited,insofar as the distance between the terminal apparatus 20 and thesubject is measurable. As a specific example, the distance between theterminal apparatus 20 and the subject may be measured on the basis ofmethods such as multi-camera stereo, motion parallax, time-of-flight(TOF), and structured light. Herein, TOF refers to a method ofprojecting light such as infrared rays onto the subject and measuring,for each pixel, the time for the contributed light to be reflected bythe subject and return, and thereby obtaining an image (also called adepth map) including the distance (depth) to the subject on the basis ofthe measurement results. Also, structured light is a method ofirradiating the subject with a pattern by light such as infrared raysand capturing an image, and on the basis of changes in the patternobtained from the imaging result, obtaining a depth map including thedistance (depth) to the subject. Also, motion parallax refers to amethod of measuring the distance to the subject on the basis ofparallax, even with what is called a monocular camera. Specifically, bymoving the camera, the subject is captured from mutually differentviewpoints, and the distance to the subject is measured on the basis ofthe parallax between the captured images. Note that by recognizing themotion distance and motion direction of the camera with various sensorsat this time, it is possible to measure the distance to the subject moreprecisely. Note that the configuration of the imaging section (such as amonocular camera or stereo camera, for example) may be changed inaccordance with the distance measuring method.

<1.2. Principle of Localization>

Next, when the terminal apparatus 20 superimposes a virtual object ontoa real object, an example of the principle of the technique forestimating the position and attitude of itself in a real space (that is,localization) will be described, and furthermore, a technical problem ofthe present embodiment will be summarized. For example, FIG. 2 is anexplanatory diagram for explaining an example of the principle oflocalization.

As a specific example of localization, the terminal apparatus 20 uses animaging section, such as a camera provided on itself, to capture amarker V10 of known size presented on a real object in the real space.Additionally, by analyzing the captured image, the terminal apparatus 20estimates at least one of the relative position and attitude of oneselfwith respect to the marker V10 (and by extension, the real object onwhich the marker V10 is presented). Note that the following descriptionfocuses on a case in which the terminal apparatus 20 estimates theposition and the attitude of itself, but the terminal apparatus 20 mayalso estimate only one of the position and attitude of itself, asdescribed earlier.

Specifically, it is possible to estimate the relative direction of theimaging section (and by extension, the terminal apparatus 20 in whichthe imaging section is provided) with respect to the marker V10, inaccordance with the direction of the marker V10 (for example, thedirection of a pattern or the like of the marker V10) captured in theimage. Also, in the case in which the size of the marker V10 is known,it is possible to estimate the distance between the marker V10 and theimaging section (that is, the terminal apparatus 20 in which the imagingsection is provided), in accordance with the size of the marker V10 inthe image. More specifically, if the marker V10 is captured from fartheraway, the marker V10 is captured smaller. Also, the range of the realspace captured in the image at this time can be estimated on the basisof the angle of view of the imaging section. By utilizing the abovecharacteristics, it is possible to back-calculate the distance betweenthe marker V10 and the imaging section in accordance with the size ofthe marker V10 captured in the image (in other words, the proportion ofthe angle of view occupied by the marker V10). According to aconfiguration like the above, the terminal apparatus 20 becomes able toestimate the relative position and attitude of itself with respect tothe marker V10.

In addition, the technology named simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) may also be utilized for localization of the terminal apparatus20. SLAM refers to a technology that executes localization and thecreation of an environment map in parallel by utilizing an imagingsection such as a camera, various sensors, an encoder, and the like. Asa more specific example, with SLAM (particularly visual SLAM), thethree-dimensional shape of a captured scene (or subject) is successivelyreconstructed on the basis of a moving image captured by the imagingsection. Additionally, by associating the reconstruction result of thecaptured scene with a detection result of the position and attitude ofthe imaging section, the creation of a map of the surroundingenvironment and the estimation of the position and attitude of theimaging section (and by extension, the terminal apparatus 20) areperformed. Note that, for example, by providing the terminal apparatus20 with various sensors, such as an acceleration sensor and an angularvelocity sensor, it is possible to estimate the position and theattitude of the imaging section as information indicating relativechange on the basis of the detection results of the sensors. Obviously,as long as the position and the attitude of the imaging section can beestimated, the method is not necessarily limited only to a method basedon the detection results of various sensors such as an accelerationsensor and an angular velocity sensor.

Based on a configuration like the above, for example, estimation resultsfor the relative position and attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 withrespect to the known marker V10 based on an imaging result of marker V10by the imaging section may also be utilized in an initialization processand position correction in SLAM described above. According to such aconfiguration, even under circumstances in which the marker V10 is notincluded inside the angle of view of the imaging section, bylocalization based on SLAM receiving the results of previously executedinitialization and position correction, the terminal apparatus 20 isable to estimate the position and attitude of oneself with respect tothe marker V10 (and by extension, the real object on which the markerV10 is presented).

In addition, by utilizing the localization result described above, onthe basis of AR technology, the terminal apparatus 20 is also able topresent a virtual object to the user so that the virtual object issuperimposed onto a desired position (a desired real object) in the realspace.

On the other hand, in applications such as games, for example, asillustrated in FIG. 2, cases in which the marker V10 is displayed on adisplay apparatus 50 such as a display may be anticipated. In suchcases, for example, by causing the marker V10 displayed on the displayapparatus 50 to be recognized (for example, by causing the imagingsection to capture an image), the terminal apparatus 20 estimates therelative position and attitude of confidence with respect to the displayapparatus 50 (that is, executes localization). Subsequently, theterminal apparatus 20 utilizes the estimation results of the positionand attitude of itself with respect to the display apparatus 50 in thepresentation of a virtual object based on AR technology, for example.

For example, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an exampleof a process utilizing a localization result, and illustrates an exampleof a case of presenting a virtual object on the basis of AR technology.Specifically, on the basis of estimation results of the relativeposition and attitude of itself with respect to the display apparatus50, the terminal apparatus 20 presents a virtual object V20 to the userthrough the output section 201, so that the virtual object V20 issuperimposed at a desired position in the real space in which thedisplay apparatus 50 is disposed.

However, the size of the marker used for localization is not necessarilyknown. For example, like in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, in thecase of displaying the marker V10 on the display apparatus 50, the sizeof the marker V10 in the real space is different depending on the size(for example, the number of inches) of the display apparatus 50.

For example, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for describing a technicalproblem of the information processing system according to the presentembodiment, and illustrates an example of a case of displaying a markeronto display apparatus of mutually different sizes. Specifically, in theexample illustrated in FIG. 4, the same image presenting the marker V10is displayed on display apparatus 50 a and 50 b with mutually differentnumbers of inches. As illustrated in FIG. 4, even if the marker V10 isdisplayed in the same way on each of the display apparatus 50 a and 50b, the size of the marker V10 a displayed on the display apparatus 50 aand the size of the marker V10 b displayed on the display apparatus 50 bin the real space are different.

Also, a marker such as an explicitly affixed sticker is not necessarilyused as the marker for localization. As a specific example, a case ofutilizing the cover of a book or the like as a marker may beanticipated. In such a case, the sizes of books are various, like thedifferences between what are called hardcovers, such as deluxe editionsand full bindings, and what are called paperbacks, and even in the caseof focusing on similar titles, books of different sizes exist in somecases.

In this way, in the case in which the size of the marker used forlocalization is unknown, the terminal apparatus 20 may have difficultyestimating the dimensions in the real space accurately, and byextension, may have difficulty executing localization accurately in somecases. Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes an example of amechanism capable of estimating the position and the attitude of theimaging section (and by extension, the terminal apparatus 20) withrespect to a real object by estimating the size of the real object, evenin the case in which the size of the real object is unknown.Accordingly, hereinafter, features of the information processing systemaccording to the present embodiment will be described in further detail.

<1.3. Functional Configuration>

First, FIG. 5 will be referenced to describe an example of thefunctional configuration of the information processing system accordingto the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating anexample of the functional configuration of the information processingsystem according to the present embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the information processing system 1 accordingto the present embodiment includes the terminal apparatus 20, theinformation processing apparatus 10, and a physical object recognitiondictionary 301. The terminal apparatus 20 and the information processingapparatus 10 are configured to be able to transmit and receiveinformation with each other over a predetermined network. Note that thetype of the network that connects the terminal apparatus 20 and theinformation processing apparatus 10 is not particularly limited. As aspecific example, the network may be configured as what is called awireless network, such as a network based on the Wi-Fi (registeredtrademark) standard, for example. Also, as another example, the networkmay be configured as the Internet, a dedicated line, a local areanetwork (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or the like. In addition, thenetwork may also include multiple networks, and may also be configuredas a partially wired network.

One specific example of the terminal apparatus 20 is the terminalapparatus 20 described with reference to FIG. 1. More specifically, asillustrated in FIG. 5, the terminal apparatus 20 includes an outputsection 201, an imaging section 203, and a distance measuring section205. The output section 201 corresponds to the output section 201illustrated in FIG. 1. Note that in the example illustrated in FIG. 5,from among the imaging sections 203 a and 203 b configured as a stereocamera in FIG. 1, the portion related to the capturing of images isillustrated as the imaging section 203, while the portion related to themeasurement of the distance to the subject is illustrated as thedistance measuring section 205.

In other words, the imaging section 203 captures an image of a physicalobject (the subject) in the real space, and outputs the captured imageto the information processing apparatus 10. Also, the distance measuringsection 205 measures the distance to the physical object (the subject)in the real space, and outputs depth information indicating themeasurement result to the information processing apparatus 10.

Next, the configuration of the information processing apparatus 10 willbe focused on. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the information processingapparatus 10 includes an image analysis section 101, a distanceestimation section 103, a size estimation section 105, a position andattitude estimation section 107, and an output control section 109.

The image analysis section 101 acquires the image captured by theimaging section 203 and performs analysis processing on the acquiredimage, and thereby recognizes the physical object (real object) capturedas the subject in the image. At this time, for example, the imageanalysis section 101 may compute feature quantities on the basis offeatures (for example, features such as the shape and pattern) of thephysical object captured in the image, cross-reference with informationindicating the feature quantities of known physical objects, and therebyrecognize the physical object captured in the image. Note that it issufficient for the information indicating the feature quantities ofknown physical objects to be stored in advance in a storage areareadable by the information processing apparatus 10. For example, thephysical object recognition dictionary 301 illustrates an example of astorage area for storing information indicating the feature quantitiesof known physical objects.

By the above, the image analysis section 101 recognizes the physicalobject captured in the image. By such a recognition result, it becomespossible to recognize the position and size of the physical object inthe image. Subsequently, the image analysis section 101 outputsinformation indicating a recognition result of the physical objectcaptured in the image (hereinafter simply designated the “physicalobject recognition result” in some cases) to the distance estimationsection 103. Note that the acquired image (that is, the image capturedby the imaging section 203) is preferably held in a storage area(omitted from illustration) that can be referenced by each configurationof the information processing apparatus 10 described later, for example.Obviously, as long as each configuration of the information processingapparatus 10 is able to reference the acquired image, the method is notparticularly limited. Given the above, the following description assumesthat each configuration of the information processing apparatus 10 isable to reference the acquired image as needed.

The distance estimation section 103 acquires, from the distancemeasuring section 205, depth information indicating a measurement resultof the distance to the physical object captured as the subject by theimaging section 203. As a specific example, in the case in which theterminal apparatus 20 uses a stereo camera like the example illustratedin FIG. 1 as the configuration corresponding to the distance measuringsection 205, the distance estimation section 103 may acquire informationindicating parallax based on the imaging result by the stereo camera asthe depth information. Also, in the case in which the distance measuringsection 205 is a configuration that measures the distance to the subject(physical object) on the basis of the TOF method, the distanceestimation section 103 may acquire what is called a depth map containinginformation indicating the distance (depth) to the subject measured forevery pixel as the depth information.

In addition, the distance estimation section 103 acquires informationindicating the physical object recognition result from the imageanalysis section 101. Subsequently, the distance estimation section 103estimates the distance to the recognized physical object on the basis ofthe acquired information indicating the physical object recognitionresult and depth information. As a more specific example, the distanceestimation section 103 recognizes (estimates) the distance to thephysical object by recognizing the position of the physical object inthe image on the basis of the physical object recognition result, andextracting the measurement result of the distance corresponding to therecognized position in the image from the acquired depth information.

Subsequently, the distance estimation section 103 outputs informationindicating the acquired physical object recognition result andinformation indicating the estimation result of the distance to thephysical object to the size estimation section 105.

The size estimation section 105 acquires the information indicating thephysical object recognition result and the information indicating theestimation result of the distance to the physical object from thedistance estimation section 103, and on the basis of the acquiredinformation, estimates the size of the physical object in the realspace. As a specific example, the size estimation section 105 estimatesthe size of the physical object in the real space on the basis of thesize of the physical object in the image and the estimation result ofthe distance to the physical object. Note that, as described earlier,the range of the real space captured in the image can be estimated onthe basis of the angle of view of the imaging section 203. For thisreason, if the distance to the physical object captured in the image canbe estimated, it becomes possible to estimate the size of the physicalobject in the real space on the basis of the size of the physical objectin the image (that is, the range of the physical object occupying theangle of view).

Subsequently, the size estimation section 105 outputs informationindicating the acquired physical object recognition result andinformation indicating the estimation result of the size of the physicalobject to the position and attitude estimation section 107.

The position and attitude estimation section 107 is a configuration forexecuting processes related to estimating the position and the attitudeof the terminal apparatus 20 in the real space (also calledlocalization-related processes). The position and attitude estimationsection 107 acquires the information indicating the physical objectrecognition result and the information indicating the estimation resultof the size of the physical object from the size estimation section 105,and on the basis of the acquired information, estimates the relativeposition and attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect to thephysical object. Note that the relative position and attitude of theterminal apparatus 20 with respect to the recognized physical object(that is, the physical object captured in the image) can be estimated onthe basis of the methods described earlier by recognizing that the sizeof the physical object is known on the basis of the acquired estimationresult of the size of the physical object.

In addition, at this time, the position and attitude estimation section107 may also estimate the relative position and attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 with respect to the recognized physical object on the basisof SLAM. In this case, the position and attitude estimation section 107may acquire information indicating changes in the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 from a predetermined detectionsection which is not illustrated (such as an acceleration sensor and anangular velocity sensor provided in the terminal apparatus 20, forexample), and use the information for localization (that is, estimationof the position and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 withrespect to the physical object) based on SLAM.

Subsequently, the position and attitude estimation section 107 outputsinformation indicating the acquired physical object recognition resultand information indicating the estimation result of the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 in the real space to the outputcontrol section 109.

The output control section 109 is a configuration for presenting, to theuser through the output section 201, a virtual object on the basis of ARtechnology so that the virtual object is superimposed onto the realspace. Note that the output control section 109 corresponds to anexample of a “display control section”.

Specifically, the output control section 109 acquires informationindicating the physical object recognition result and informationindicating the estimation result of the position and the attitude of theterminal apparatus 20 in the real space from the position and attitudeestimation section 107. With this arrangement, the output controlsection 109 becomes able to estimate the positional relationship betweenthe terminal apparatus 20 and the recognized physical object in the realspace, and the three-dimensional position and attitude of the physicalobject in the real space.

Additionally, in accordance with the positional relationship between theterminal apparatus 20 and the recognized physical object in the realspace, for example, the output control section 109 causes the outputsection 201 to display a virtual object so that the virtual object issuperimposed onto a desired position in the real space.

As a more specific example, the case in which the terminal apparatus 20is configured as a video see-through HMD will be focused on. In thiscase, the output control section 109 superimposes a virtual object ontothe image captured by the imaging section 203 in accordance with thepositional relationship between the terminal apparatus 20 and therecognized physical object in the real space, and causes the outputsection 201 to display the image with the superimposed virtual object.At this time, the output control section 109 preferably adjusts thedisplay position of the virtual object and the size of the virtualobject in accordance with the positional relationship between theterminal apparatus 20 and the recognized physical object in the realspace. With this arrangement, the user becomes able to perceive an imagein which the virtual object seems to exist in front of oneself.

Also, as another example, the case in which the terminal apparatus 20 isconfigured as a see-through HMD will be focused on. In this case, whendisplaying a virtual object on the inner side of a virtual image opticalsystem (corresponding to the output section 201), it is sufficient forthe output control section 109 to control the display position and thesize of the virtual object in accordance with the positionalrelationship between the terminal apparatus 20 and the recognizedphysical object in the real space. With this arrangement, the userbecomes able to perceive a virtual object so that the virtual objectseems to exist in front of oneself.

Note that the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5 is merely one example,and the configuration of the information processing system 1 is notnecessarily limited to the example illustrated in FIG. 5. As a specificexample, the terminal apparatus 20 and the information processingapparatus 10 may also be configured in an integrated manner. Also, asanother example, part of the configuration of the information processingapparatus 10 may also be provided in a different apparatus (such as theterminal apparatus 20 or an external server, for example) from theinformation processing apparatus 10. Also, the physical objectrecognition dictionary 301 may be built into the information processingapparatus 10, or provided in an external server.

The above references FIG. 5 to describe an example of a functionalconfiguration of the information processing system 1 according to thepresent embodiment.

<1.4. Processes>

Next, FIG. 6 will be referenced to describe an example of the flow of aseries of processes of the information processing system according tothe present embodiment, with particular focus on processes related tothe estimation of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in the information processing apparatus 10. FIG. 6 is aflowchart illustrating an example of the flow of a series of processesof the information processing system according to the presentembodiment.

First, the information processing apparatus 10 (image analysis section101) acquires the image captured by the imaging section 203 and performsanalysis processing on the acquired image, and thereby recognizes thephysical object (real object) captured as the subject in the image(S101). Note that the method of recognizing the physical object capturedin the image is as described earlier as a process of the image analysissection 101.

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 (distance estimationsection 103) acquires, from the distance measuring section 205, depthinformation indicating a measurement result of the distance to thephysical object captured as the subject by the imaging section 203.Subsequently, the information processing apparatus 10 estimates thedistance to the recognized physical object on the basis of theinformation indicating the physical object recognition result, and theacquired depth information (S103). Note that the method of estimatingthe distance to the recognized physical object is as described earlieras a process of the distance estimation section 103.

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 (size estimation section105) estimates the size of the physical object in the real space on thebasis of the information indicating the physical object recognitionresult and the information indicating the estimation result of thedistance to the physical object (S105). Note that the method ofestimating the size of the recognized physical object in the real spaceis as described earlier as a process of the size estimation section 105.

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 (position and attitudeestimation section 107) estimates the relative position and attitude ofthe terminal apparatus 20 with respect to the physical object on thebasis of the information indicating the physical object recognitionresult and the information indicating the estimation result of the sizeof the physical object. At this time, the information processingapparatus 10 recognizes that the size of the physical object is known onthe basis of the acquired estimation result of the size of the physicalobject, thereby making it possible to estimate the relative position andattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect to the physicalobject on the basis of the method described earlier. Also, at this time,the information processing apparatus 10 may estimate the relativeposition and attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect to therecognized physical object on the basis of SLAM (S107).

On the basis of a series of processes like the above, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 becomes able to estimate the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 in the real space. With thisarrangement, for example, the information processing apparatus 10 alsobecomes able to present, to the user through the output section 201, avirtual object on the basis of AR technology so that the virtual objectis superimposed onto the real space.

Note that the timing at which the information processing apparatus 10executes the processes related to the estimation of the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described above is notparticularly limited. As a specific example, the information processingapparatus 10 may execute the processes related to the estimation of theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described abovein the case in which a symmetric physical object (such as a marker, forexample) is captured in the image. Also, as another example, theinformation processing apparatus 10 may also execute the processesrelated to the estimation of the position and the attitude of theterminal apparatus 20 described above in the case in which apredetermined physical object is predicted to be captured by the imagingsection (in other words, the physical object is predicted to be insidethe angle of view of the imaging section) on the basis of SLAM.

In addition, the processes related to the size estimation of the targetphysical object and the processes related to the estimation of theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 based on the sizeestimation result by the information processing apparatus 10 are notlimited to being executed only once, and may also be executedappropriately in accordance with a desired timing and a predeterminedcondition.

As a specific example, focusing on the case of estimating the positionand the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 on the basis of SLAM, inconditions in which the physical object (such as a marker) that acts asthe reference for the estimation has not been captured, for example,changes in the position and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20are recognized on the basis of the detection results of various sensors(such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor).However, error may occur in the recognition of changes in the positionand the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 based on the detectionresults of various sensors in some cases. Such error tends to accumulateevery time the recognition is executed, and by extension, may affect theestimation results of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in some cases. On the other hand, even in such conditions,in the case in which the target physical object is captured, forexample, the information processing apparatus 10 according to thepresent embodiment becomes able to execute the processes related to theestimation of the position and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20on the basis of the captured image, and thereby correct the errordescribed above.

The above references FIG. 6 to describe an example of the flow of aseries of processes of the information processing system according tothe present embodiment, with particular focus on processes related tothe estimation of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in the information processing apparatus 10.

<1.5. Evaluation>

As described above, in the information processing system 1 according tothe present embodiment, the information processing apparatus 10 acquiresan image of a physical object (real object) positioned in the real spacecaptured by the imaging section, and a measurement result of thedistance to the physical object. Additionally, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 estimates the size of the physical object in thereal space, on the basis of the size of the physical object in the imageand the measurement result of the distance to the physical object. Withthis arrangement, even in the case in which the size of a physicalobject (such as a marker) used for localization is unknown, theinformation processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodimentis able to estimate the size of the physical object, and thus is able toestimate (recognize) the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 with respect to the physical object.

2. SECOND EMBODIMENT

Next, the information processing system according to a second embodimentof the present disclosure will be described. The present embodimentdescribes, for the case of using a physical object with known sizecandidates, such as what is called a television receiver, a display, abook, or the like for localization, an example of a mechanism forestimating the size of the physical object more precisely compared tothe first embodiment described above.

<2.1. Basic Principle>

First, in the information processing system according to the presentembodiment, the basic principle of the processes by which theinformation processing apparatus 10 estimates the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 will be described.

First, similarly to the first embodiment described above, theinformation processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodimentestimates the size of a physical object (real object) in a real space,on the basis of an image of the physical object positioned in the realspace captured by the imaging section, and a measurement result of thedistance to the physical object. On the other hand, in the case ofestimating the size by a technique similar to the first embodiment, asthe distance between the imaging section and the target physical objectbecomes greater, the resolution related to the measurement of the sizeof the physical object in the image falls, and by extension, theprecision related to the estimation of the size of the physical objectin the real space falls.

Accordingly, the information processing apparatus 10 according to thepresent embodiment targets a physical object with known size candidates,estimates the size of the physical object in the real space, and bycomparing the estimation result of the size to the size candidates ofthe physical object, specifies the size of the physical object (in otherwords, corrects the estimation result of the size).

For example, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an overviewof the information processing system according to the presentembodiment, and illustrates an example of size candidates for atelevision receiver or a display. Note that in FIG. 7, the units of thenumerical values labeled height and width are centimeters (cm). Asillustrated in FIG. 7, the screen sizes of television receivers anddisplays have predetermined candidates with discrete values.Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 7, from 32 inches to 65 inches, 32inches, 37 inches, 42 inches, 46 inches, 50 inches, 55 inches, 60inches, and 65 inches are set as screen size candidates. Also, forbooks, size candidates are set as what are called A sizes (such as A4(210 mm×297 mm), A5 (148 mm×210 mm), and A6 (105 mm×148 mm)) and B sizes(such as B4 (257 mm×364 mm), B5 (182 mm×257 mm), B6 (128 mm×182 mm), andsmall B6 (112 mm×174 mm)). Similarly, for paper media such as posters,size candidates are set as what is called the A series (such as A0, A1,A2, A3, . . . ) and the B series (such as B0, B1, B2, B3, . . . ).

As a specific example, the information processing apparatus 10 accordingto the present embodiment estimates the size in the real space of themarker V10 displayed on the screen of the display apparatus 50 asillustrated in FIG. 2 by a technique similar to the first embodiment,and on the basis of the estimation result, estimates the size of thescreen. Subsequently, the information processing apparatus 10 comparesthe estimation result of the size of the screen to screen sizecandidates like those illustrated in FIG. 7, and specifies a candidatecloser to the estimation result of the size as the size of the screen.

By such a configuration, even under circumstances in which the distancebetween the imaging section and the target physical object is large, andthe precision related to the estimation of the size of the physicalobject falls, the information processing apparatus 10 becomes able tospecify the size of the physical object in the real space moreprecisely.

The above references FIG. 7 to describe, in the information processingsystem according to the present embodiment, the basic principle of theprocesses by which the information processing apparatus 10 estimates theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20.

<2.2. Functional Configuration>

Next, FIG. 8 will be referenced to describe an example of the functionalconfiguration of the information processing system according to thepresent embodiment. FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example ofa functional configuration of the information processing systemaccording to the present embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, in the information processing system 2according to the present embodiment, part of the configuration isdifferent from the information processing system 1 (see FIG. 5)according to the first embodiment described above. More specifically, inthe information processing apparatus 10 according to the presentembodiment, the configuration labeled by the reference sign 111, whichcorresponds to the size estimation section 105 in the informationprocessing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment describedabove, is different. Also, the information processing system 2 accordingto the present embodiment includes a physical object size DB 302.Accordingly, in this description, the information processing system 2according to the present embodiment will be described with particularfocus on the size estimation section 111 and the physical object size DB302 which are different from the information processing system 1according to the first embodiment described above. Note that detaileddescription will be omitted for parts which are substantially similar tothe information processing system 1 according to the first embodimentdescribed above.

In the information processing apparatus 10 according to the presentembodiment, the image analysis section 101 acquires the image capturedby the imaging section 203 and performs analysis processing on theacquired image, and thereby recognizes a physical object captured as thesubject in the image. Note that at this time, the image analysis section101 recognizes in particular a physical object with known sizecandidates, such as a television receiver, a display, a book, or thelike. Note that the physical object recognition method is similar to thefirst embodiment described above. Subsequently, the image analysissection 101 outputs information indicating a recognition result of thephysical object captured in the image to the distance estimation section103. Note that the part of the image analysis section 101 that acquiresthe image captured by the imaging section 203 corresponds to the part ofthe “acquisition section” that acquires an image of a real object.

The distance estimation section 103 estimates the distance to therecognized physical object on the basis of the information indicatingthe physical object recognition result acquired from the image analysissection 101, and depth information acquired from the distance measuringsection 205. Note that this operation is similar to the distanceestimation section 103 according to the first embodiment describedabove. Subsequently, the distance estimation section 103 outputsinformation indicating the acquired physical object recognition resultand information indicating the estimation result of the distance to thephysical object to the size estimation section 111. Note that the partof the distance estimation section 103 that acquires depth informationcorresponds to the part of the “acquisition section” that acquires adistance measurement result.

The size estimation section 111 acquires the information indicating thephysical object recognition result and the information indicating theestimation result of the distance to the physical object from thedistance estimation section 103, and on the basis of the acquiredinformation, estimates the size of the physical object in the realspace.

As a specific example, the case of estimating the size in the real spaceof the screen of the display apparatus 50, such as a televisionreceiver, a display, or the like, will be focused on. In this case, forexample, it is sufficient for the size estimation section 111 toestimate the size in the real space of the marker V10 displayed on thescreen of the display apparatus 50 as illustrated in FIG. 2, and on thebasis of the estimation result of the size of the marker V10, estimatethe size of the screen of the display apparatus 50 in the real space.Also, as another example, in the case in which the screen itself of thedisplay apparatus 50 can be recognized directly, the size estimationsection 111 may also directly estimate the size in the real space of thescreen. Note that the method of estimating the size of the recognizedphysical object in the real space is similar to the first embodimentdescribed above.

Next, the size estimation section 111 compares the estimation result ofthe size of the recognized physical object to the size candidates of thephysical object, and on the basis of the comparison result, specifies acandidate closer to the estimation result of the size as the size of thephysical object. Note that information indicating the size candidates oftarget physical objects, such as a television receiver, a display, abook, and the like, may be stored in advance in a storage area readableby the information processing apparatus 10. For example, the physicalobject size DB 302 illustrates an example of a storage area for storinginformation indicating the size candidates of target physical objects,such as a television receiver, a display, a book, and the like.

Subsequently, the size estimation section 111 outputs informationindicating the acquired physical object recognition result andinformation indicating the specification result of the size of thephysical object to the position and attitude estimation section 107.

Note that the following processes are similar to the informationprocessing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment describedabove. In other words, the position and attitude estimation section 107estimates the relative position and attitude of the terminal apparatus20 with respect to the physical object on the basis of the informationindicating the physical object recognition result and the informationindicating the estimation result of the size of the physical object.Note that at this time, the position and attitude estimation section 107may also correct the estimation result of the distance to the recognizedphysical object on the basis of the specification result of the size ofthe physical object, and estimate the relative position and attitude ofthe terminal apparatus 20 with respect to the physical object on thebasis of the correction result. By such a configuration, it becomespossible to estimate the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 more precisely.

Also, the output control section 109 recognizes the positionalrelationship between the terminal apparatus 20 in the real space and therecognized physical object on the basis of the information indicatingthe physical object recognition result and the information indicatingthe estimation results of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in the real space. Subsequently, in accordance with thepositional relationship between the terminal apparatus 20 and therecognized physical object in the real space, for example, the outputcontrol section 109 causes the output section 201 to display a virtualobject on the basis of the AR technology, so that the virtual object issuperimposed onto a desired position in the real space.

The above references FIG. 8 to describe an example of a functionalconfiguration of the information processing system according to thepresent embodiment.

<2.3. Processes>

Next, FIG. 9 will be referenced to describe an example of the flow of aseries of processes of the information processing system 1 according tothe present embodiment, with particular focus on processes related tothe estimation of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in the information processing apparatus 10. FIG. 9 is aflowchart illustrating an example of the flow of a series of processesof the information processing system 1 according to the presentembodiment.

First, the information processing apparatus 10 (image analysis section101) acquires the image captured by the imaging section 203 and performsanalysis processing on the acquired image, and thereby recognizes thephysical object (real object) captured as the subject in the image(S201). Note that the method of recognizing the physical object capturedin the image is as described earlier as a process of the image analysissection 101.

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 checks whether a singlesize is associated with the recognized physical object (that is, whetheror not the size of the physical object is known) (S203).

In the case in which a single size is associated with the recognizedphysical object (S203, YES), the information processing apparatus 10recognizes that the size of the physical object is known. In this case,the information processing apparatus 10 computes the distance from theterminal apparatus 20 to the physical object on the basis of therecognition result of the physical object and the size of the physicalobject (S213), and estimates (recognizes) the relative position andattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect to the physicalobject on the basis of the computation result of the distance (S205).

On the other hand, in the case in which a single size is not associatedwith the recognized physical object (S203, NO), the informationprocessing apparatus 10 (distance estimation section 103) acquires, fromthe distance measuring section 205, the depth information indicating theestimation result of the distance to the physical object captured as thesubject by the imaging section 203. Subsequently, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 estimates the distance to the recognizedphysical object on the basis of the information indicating the physicalobject recognition result, and the acquired depth information (S205).Note that the method of estimating the distance to the recognizedphysical object is as described earlier as a process of the distanceestimation section 103.

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 (size estimation section111) estimates the size of the physical object in the real space on thebasis of the information indicating the physical object recognitionresult and the information indicating the estimation result of thedistance to the physical object (S207). Also, the information processingapparatus 10 compares the estimation result of the size of therecognized physical object to the size candidates of the physicalobject, and on the basis of the comparison result, specifies a candidatecloser to the estimation result of the size as the size of the physicalobject (S209). Note that the method of specifying the size in the realspace of the recognized physical object is as described earlier as aprocess of the size estimation section 111.

Subsequently, the information processing apparatus 10 stores therecognized physical object and the specification result of the size ofthe physical object in association with each other (S211).

Next, the information processing apparatus 10 (position and attitudeestimation section 107) may also correct the estimation result of thedistance to the physical object on the basis of the specification resultof the size of the physical object (S213). With this arrangement, theinformation processing apparatus 10 becomes able to estimate thedistance to the recognized physical object more accurately.

Additionally, the information processing apparatus 10 estimates(recognizes) the relative position and attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 with respect to the physical object on the basis of theinformation indicating the physical object recognition result and theinformation indicating the estimation result of the size of the physicalobject. Also, at this time, the information processing apparatus 10 mayestimate the relative position and attitude of the terminal apparatus 20with respect to the recognized physical object on the basis of SLAM(S215). Note that the method of estimating the relative position andattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect to the physicalobject is as described earlier as a process of the position and attitudeestimation section 107.

On the basis of a series of processes like the above, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 becomes able to estimate the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 in the real space. With thisarrangement, for example, the information processing apparatus 10 alsobecomes able to present, to the user through the output section 201, avirtual object on the basis of AR technology so that the virtual objectis superimposed onto the real space.

Note that the timing at which the information processing apparatus 10executes the processes related to the estimation of the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described above is notparticularly limited. As a specific example, the information processingapparatus 10 may execute the processes related to the estimation of theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described abovein the case in which a symmetric physical object (such as a marker, forexample) is captured in the image. Also, as another example, theinformation processing apparatus 10 may also execute the processesrelated to the estimation of the position and the attitude of theterminal apparatus 20 described above in the case in which apredetermined physical object is predicted to be captured by the imagingsection (in other words, the physical object is predicted to be insidethe angle of view of the imaging section) on the basis of SLAM.

Also, as another example, the information processing apparatus 10 mayalso execute the processes related to the estimation of the position andthe attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described above on the basisof the estimation result of the distance to the target physical object.As a more specific example, the information processing apparatus 10 mayalso execute the processes related to the estimation of the position andthe attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 described above in a case inwhich the estimation result of the distance between the target physicalobject and the terminal apparatus 20 is a threshold value or greater(that is, more distant). As described earlier, as the distance betweenthe imaging section (that is, the terminal apparatus 20) and the targetphysical object becomes greater, the precision related to the estimationof the size of the physical object in the real space based on the sizeof the physical object in the image tends to fall. Even in such a case,the information processing apparatus 10 according to the presentembodiment becomes able to estimate the size of the target physicalobject more precisely on the basis of the processes described above.

In addition, the processes related to the size estimation of the targetphysical object and the processes related to the estimation of theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 based on the sizeestimation result by the information processing apparatus 10 are notlimited to being executed only once, and may also be executedappropriately in accordance with a desired timing and a predeterminedcondition. This point is similar to the first embodiment describedearlier.

In addition, the information processing apparatus 10 may alsoselectively switch between executing the processes related to theestimation of the position and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20described in the present embodiment, and executing processes related tothe estimation of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 based on another method, depending on the circumstances. Asa specific example, in a case in which the estimation result of thedistance between the target physical object and the terminal apparatus20 is a threshold value or greater (that is, more distant), theinformation processing apparatus 10 may estimate the position and theattitude of the terminal apparatus 20 on the basis of the methoddescribed in the present embodiment. On the other hand, in a case inwhich the estimation result of the distance between the target physicalobject and the terminal apparatus 20 is less than the threshold value(that is, positioned closer), the information processing apparatus 10may estimate the position and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20on the basis of another method (for example, the method described as thefirst embodiment).

Similarly, the information processing apparatus 10 may also selectivelyswitch between executing the processes related to the estimation of thesize of the physical object described in the present embodiment, andexecuting processes related to the estimation of the size of thephysical object described in the first embodiment described earlier,depending on the circumstances. As a specific example, in a case inwhich the estimation result of the distance between the target physicalobject and the terminal apparatus 20 is a threshold value or greater(that is, more distant), the information processing apparatus 10 mayestimate the size of the physical object to use for localization on thebasis of the method described in the present embodiment. On the otherhand, in a case in which the estimation result of the distance betweenthe target physical object and the terminal apparatus 20 is less thanthe threshold value (that is, positioned closer), the informationprocessing apparatus 10 may estimate the size of the physical object touse for localization on the basis of the method described in the firstembodiment described earlier.

The above references FIG. 9 to describe an example of the flow of aseries of processes of the information processing system 1 according tothe present embodiment, with particular focus on processes related tothe estimation of the position and the attitude of the terminalapparatus 20 in the information processing apparatus 10.

<2.4. Evaluation>

As described above, in the information processing system 2 according tothe present embodiment, the information processing apparatus 10 targetsa physical object with known size candidates, and estimates the size ofthe physical object in the real space on the basis of the size of thephysical object in the real image and the measurement result of thedistance to the physical object. Subsequently, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 compares the estimation result of the size ofthe physical object to the size candidates of the physical object, andspecifies a candidate closer to the estimation result of the size as thesize of the screen. According to a configuration like the above,compared to the first embodiment described earlier, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment becomes ableto estimate the size of a physical object (such as a marker) used forlocalization more precisely. Also, according to such a configuration,even in the case in which the size of the physical object used forlocalization is unknown, the information processing apparatus 10according to the present embodiment estimates the size of the physicalobject, and thereby becomes capable of estimating (recognizing) theposition and the attitude of the terminal apparatus 20 with respect tothe physical object more precisely.

3. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE

Next, a hardware configuration of the information processing apparatus10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a block diagramillustrating a hardware configuration example of the informationprocessing apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

As illustrated in FIG. 10, the information processing apparatus 10includes a central processing unit (CPU) 901, a read only memory (ROM)903, and a random access memory (RAM) 905. In addition, the informationprocessing apparatus 10 may include a host bus 907, a bridge 909, anexternal bus 911, an interface 913, an input device 915, an outputdevice 917, a storage device 919, a drive 921, a connection port 923,and a communication device 925. Further, the information processingapparatus 100 may include an imaging device 933 and a sensor 935 asnecessary. The information processing apparatus 10 may include aprocessing circuit such as a digital signal processor (DSP) or anapplication specific integrated circuit (ASIC) instead of or in additionto the CPU 901.

The CPU 901 serves as an operation processing device and a controldevice, and controls all of or a part of the operations in theinformation processing apparatus 10 in accordance with various programsrecorded in the ROM 903, the RAM 905, the storage device 919 or aremovable recording medium 927. The ROM 903 stores programs andoperation parameters used by the CPU 901. The RAM 905 temporarily storesprogram used in the execution of the CPU 901 and parameters that changesas appropriate in the execution. The CPU 901, ROM 903, and RAM 905 areconnected to each other by the host bus 907 including an internal bussuch as a CPU bus. In addition, the host bus 907 is connected to theexternal bus 911 such as a peripheral component interconnect/interface(PCI) bus via the bridge 909. Note that, the above-described imageanalysis section 101, distance estimation section 103, size estimationsections 105 and 111, position and attitude estimation section 107, andoutput control section 109 may be implemented by the CPU 901, forexample.

The input device 915 is, for example, a device operated by a user suchas a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, buttons, switches, a lever, orthe like. The input device 915 may include a mic that detects a sound ofa user. The input device 915 may be, for example, a remote control unitusing infrared light or other radio waves, or may be an externalconnection device 929 such as a portable phone operable in response tothe operation of the information processing apparatus 10. The inputdevice 915 includes an input control circuit that generates an inputsignal on the basis of the information input by a user and outputs theinput signal to the CPU 901. By operating the input device 915, a usercan input various types of data to the information processing apparatus10 or issue instructions for causing the information processingapparatus 10 to perform a processing operation. In addition, the imagingdevice 933 to be described below can also function as an input device byimaging a motion or the like of a hand of the user.

The output device 917 includes a device capable of visually or audiblynotifying a user of the acquired information. The output device 917 maybe, for example, a display device such as a liquid crystal display(LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic electro-luminescence(EL) display, and a projector, a hologram display device, an audiooutput device, such as a speaker or a headphone, and a printer. Theoutput device 917 outputs the results obtained from the process of theinformation processing apparatus 10 in a form of video such as text oran image, and outputs voice or sound. In addition, the output device 917may include a light or the like to brighten the surroundings. Note that,the above-described output section 201 may be implemented by the outputdevice 917, for example.

The storage device 919 is a device for data storage configured as anexample of a storage unit of the information processing apparatus 10.The storage device 919 includes, for example, a magnetic storage devicesuch as a hard disk drive (HDD), a semiconductor storage device, anoptical storage device, or a magneto-optical storage device. The storagedevice 919 stores programs to be executed by the CPU 901, various data,and various data obtained from the outside. Note that, theabove-described physical object recognition dictionary 301 and physicalobject size DB 302 may be implemented by the storage device 919, forexample.

The drive 921 is a reader/writer for the removable recording medium 927such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or asemiconductor memory, and is incorporated in the information processingapparatus 10 or externally attached thereto. The drive 921 readsinformation recorded in the attached removable recording medium 927 andoutputs the information to the RAM 905. Further, the drive 921 writesrecord in the attached removable recording medium 927.

The connection port 923 is a port used to directly connect devices tothe information processing apparatus 10. The connection port 923 may be,for example, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an IEEE1394 port, asmall computer system interface (SCSI) port, or the like. In addition,the connection port 923 may be an RS-232C port, an optical audioterminal, High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) (registeredtrademark) port, or the like. By connecting the external connectiondevice 929 to the connection port 923, various data may be exchangedbetween the information processing apparatus 10 and the externalconnection device 929.

The communication device 925 is, for example, a communication interfaceincluding a communication device or the like for connection to acommunication network 931. The communication device 925 may be, forexample, a communication card for a wired or wireless local area network(LAN), Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless USB (WUSB), or thelike. In addition, the communication device 925 may be a router foroptical communication, a router for asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL), a modem for various kinds of communications, or the like. Thecommunication device 925 transmits and receives signals to and from, forexample, the Internet or other communication devices using apredetermined protocol such as TCP/IP. In addition, the communicationnetwork 931 to be connected to the communication device 925 is a networkconnected in a wired or wireless manner, and is, for example, theInternet, a home LAN, infrared communication, radio wave communication,satellite communication, or the like.

The imaging device 933 is a device that generates an image by imaging areal space using an image sensor such as a charge-coupled device (CCD)or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), as well as variousmembers such as a lens for controlling the formation of a subject imageon the image sensor, for example. The imaging device 933 may be a devicethat captures still images and may also be a device that captures movingimages. Note that, the above-described imaging section 203 may beimplemented by the imaging device 933, for example.

The sensor 935 is any of various sensors such as an acceleration sensor,a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, or a soundsensor, for example. The sensor 935 acquires information regarding thestate of the information processing apparatus 10 itself, such as theattitude of the case of the information processing apparatus 10, as wellas information regarding the environment surrounding the informationprocessing apparatus 10, such as brightness or noise surrounding theinformation processing apparatus 10, for example. The sensor 935 mayalso include a global positioning system (GPS) sensor that receives GPSsignals and measures the latitude, longitude, and altitude of thedevice.

The foregoing thus illustrates an exemplary hardware configuration ofthe information processing apparatus 10. Each of the above componentsmay be realized with general-purpose members or hardware specialized inthe function of each component. Such a configuration may also bemodified as appropriate in accordance with the technological level atthe time of the implementation.

Further, it is also possible to create a program for causing hardwaresuch as a processor, a memory, and a storage incorporated into acomputer to exert a function equivalent to the structural elementsincluded in the above-described information processing apparatus 10. Inaddition, it is also possible to provide a computer readable storagemedium in which the program is recorded.

4. CONCLUSION

The preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure has/have beendescribed above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings,whilst the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples. Aperson skilled in the art may find various alterations and modificationswithin the scope of the appended claims, and it should be understoodthat they will naturally come under the technical scope of the presentdisclosure.

Further, the effects described in this specification are merelyillustrative or exemplified effects, and are not limitative. That is,with or in the place of the above effects, the technology according tothe present disclosure may achieve other effects that are clear to thoseskilled in the art from the description of this specification.

Additionally, the present technology may also be configured as below.

(1)

An information processing apparatus including:

an acquisition section that acquires an image of a real object in a realspace captured by a predetermined imaging section, and a measurementresult of a distance to the real object by a predetermined distancemeasuring section; and

an estimation section that estimates a size of the real object in thereal space on the basis of a size of the real object in the image andthe measurement result of the distance, and by comparing the estimationresult of the size to a plurality of preset size candidates, specifiesthe size of the real object in the real space.

(2)

The information processing device according to (1), including:

a recognition section that estimates a positional relationship betweenthe real object and the imaging section on the basis of thespecification result of the size of the real object in the real space,and recognizes at least one of a position and a direction of the imagingsection on the basis of the estimation result.

(3)

The information processing apparatus according to (2), in which

the recognition section corrects a recognition result of at least one ofthe position and the direction of the imaging section recognizedpreviously, on the basis of the estimation result of the positionalrelationship between the real object and the imaging section.

(4)

The information processing apparatus according to (2) or (3), including:

a display control section that causes a virtual object to be displayedsuch that the virtual object is superimposed onto the real space, inwhich

the display control section controls at least one of a display positionand a display size of the virtual object on the basis of a recognitionresult of at least one of the position and the direction of the imagingsection.

(5)

The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4),in which

the estimation section corrects the measurement result of the distanceon the basis of the specification result of the size of the real object.

(6)

The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (5),in which

the acquisition section acquires the image of the real object on which apredetermined marker is presented, and the estimation section estimatesthe size of the real object in the real space on the basis of a size ofthe marker in the image, and the measurement result of the distance.

(7)

The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6),in which

in a case in which an image in which the real object is captured isacquired, the estimation section executes a process related to theestimation of the size of the real object in the real space.

(8)

The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6),in which

the estimation section estimates a change in at least one of a positionand a direction of the imaging section on the basis of a detectionresult of a predetermined detection section, and controls an executiontiming of a process related to the estimation of the size of the realobject in the real space on the basis of the estimation result.

(9)

The information processing apparatus according to (8), in which

in a case in which the real object is predicted to be inside an angle ofview of the imaging section on the basis of the estimation result of achange in at least one of the position and the direction of the imagingsection, the estimation section executes a process related to theestimation of the size of the real object in the real space.

(10)

The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6),in which

the estimation section controls an execution timing of a process relatedto the estimation of the size of the real object in the real space onthe basis of the measurement result of the distance.

(11)

The information processing apparatus according to (10), in which

in a case in which the measurement result of the distance is a thresholdvalue or greater, the estimation section executes a process related tothe estimation of the size of the real object in the real space.

(12)

An information processing method including: acquiring an image of a realobject in a real space captured by a predetermined imaging section, anda measurement result of a distance to the real object by a predetermineddistance measuring section; and

estimating, by a processor, a size of the real object in the real spaceon the basis of a size of the real object in the image and themeasurement result of the distance, and by comparing the estimationresult of the size to a plurality of preset size candidates, specifyingthe size of the real object in the real space.

(13)

A recording medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute:

acquiring an image of a real object in a real space captured by apredetermined imaging section, and a measurement result of a distance tothe real object by a predetermined distance measuring section; and

estimating a size of the real object in the real space on the basis of asize of the real object in the image and the measurement result of thedistance, and by comparing the estimation result of the size to aplurality of preset size candidates, specifying the size of the realobject in the real space.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   1, 2 information processing system-   10 information processing apparatus-   101 image analysis section-   103 distance estimation section-   105 size estimation section-   107 position and attitude estimation section-   109 output control section-   111 size estimation section-   20 terminal apparatus-   201 output section-   203 imaging section-   205 distance measuring section-   50 display apparatus-   301 physical object recognition dictionary-   302 physical object size DB

1. An information processing apparatus comprising: an acquisitionsection that acquires an image of a real object in a real space capturedby a predetermined imaging section, and a measurement result of adistance to the real object by a predetermined distance measuringsection; and an estimation section that estimates a size of the realobject in the real space on a basis of a size of the real object in theimage and the measurement result of the distance, and by comparing theestimation result of the size to a plurality of preset size candidates,specifies the size of the real object in the real space.
 2. Theinformation processing device according to claim 1, comprising: arecognition section that estimates a positional relationship between thereal object and the imaging section on a basis of the specificationresult of the size of the real object in the real space, and recognizesat least one of a position and a direction of the imaging section on abasis of the estimation result.
 3. The information processing apparatusaccording to claim 2, wherein the recognition section corrects arecognition result of at least one of the position and the direction ofthe imaging section recognized previously, on a basis of the estimationresult of the positional relationship between the real object and theimaging section.
 4. The information processing apparatus according toclaim 2, comprising: a display control section that causes a virtualobject to be displayed such that the virtual object is superimposed ontothe real space, wherein the display control section controls at leastone of a display position and a display size of the virtual object on abasis of a recognition result of at least one of the position and thedirection of the imaging section.
 5. The information processingapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the estimation section correctsthe measurement result of the distance on a basis of the specificationresult of the size of the real object.
 6. The information processingapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition section acquiresthe image of the real object on which a predetermined marker ispresented, and the estimation section estimates the size of the realobject in the real space on a basis of a size of the marker in theimage, and the measurement result of the distance.
 7. The informationprocessing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in a case in which animage in which the real object is captured is acquired, the estimationsection executes a process related to the estimation of the size of thereal object in the real space.
 8. The information processing apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein the estimation section estimates a changein at least one of a position and a direction of the imaging section ona basis of a detection result of a predetermined detection section, andcontrols an execution timing of a process related to the estimation ofthe size of the real object in the real space on a basis of theestimation result.
 9. The information processing apparatus according toclaim 8, wherein in a case in which the real object is predicted to beinside an angle of view of the imaging section on a basis of theestimation result of a change in at least one of the position and thedirection of the imaging section, the estimation section executes aprocess related to the estimation of the size of the real object in thereal space.
 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim1, wherein the estimation section controls an execution timing of aprocess related to the estimation of the size of the real object in thereal space on a basis of the measurement result of the distance.
 11. Theinformation processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein in acase in which the measurement result of the distance is a thresholdvalue or greater, the estimation section executes a process related tothe estimation of the size of the real object in the real space.
 12. Aninformation processing method comprising: acquiring an image of a realobject in a real space captured by a predetermined imaging section, anda measurement result of a distance to the real object by a predetermineddistance measuring section; and estimating, by a processor, a size ofthe real object in the real space on a basis of a size of the realobject in the image and the measurement result of the distance, and bycomparing the estimation result of the size to a plurality of presetsize candidates, specifying the size of the real object in the realspace.
 13. A recording medium storing a program for causing a computerto execute: acquiring an image of a real object in a real space capturedby a predetermined imaging section, and a measurement result of adistance to the real object by a predetermined distance measuringsection; and estimating a size of the real object in the real space on abasis of a size of the real object in the image and the measurementresult of the distance, and by comparing the estimation result of thesize to a plurality of preset size candidates, specifying the size ofthe real object in the real space.